Complete Windows Server 2012 Practice Test 2025

The term that describes the process of granting users access to file server shares by reading their permissions is authorization. When a user attempts to access a resource, the system checks their permissions to determine what actions they are allowed to perform. This includes granting or denying access to files, folders, or shares based on the permissions set by administrators.

In the context of file sharing, authorization involves evaluating the user's identities and associated permissions against the requirements of the resource they are trying to access. For instance, if a user has been given read permissions for a shared folder, they will be authorized to view its contents but not modify or delete them.

While authentication is also a critical part of the access process, it specifically refers to verifying the identity of a user, rather than determining what that user is allowed to do. Access control relates more broadly to the policies and mechanisms that control who can access what resources and in what way, while permission management would encompass the administration of permissions themselves rather than the act of granting access based on them. Thus, authorization is the precise term for the process of checking permissions to allow or deny resource access.